Introduction
• Catalan & Occitan culture
• Historic producer of VdN
• Rural area : wild boar
Business & Market
• AOC 40%, IGP 36%, VDN AOC 17%, VdF 7%
• 75% Co-op
• 80% of French VdN
• 2 Appellation : Cotes Catalances IGP & Cotes du Roussillon AOC -> 50% of production
Viticultural History
• 12-17세기 : Aragon -> Majorca -> Aragon -> Holy Roman Empire
• 스페인 품종 (Carignan, Mourvedre, Macabeu)와 메이킹스타일 (Oxidized wine)이 90s까지 주를 이룸
• Temperature controlled fermentation이 가장 늦게 도입됨, new oak는 아직도 고급스러운것으로 취급됨
Location & Climate
• 북쪽 : Langeudoc / 남쪽 : Spain
• Mediterranean climate
• Mts on 3 sides -> amphitheater effect
• >300days / yr sunshine
• Some of the highest temperature in all France
• 8 different winds buffet
Geography, Topography & Soils
• Surrounding mountain range : 북쪽 - Corbieres / 서쪽 : Pyrenees / 남쪽 : Alberes Mts
• Rivers : Agly, Tet, Tech
• Diverse Soil but much of the region = iron rich sandy red water retaining clay
Grape Varieties
• Languedoc과 비슷함
• G 23% / S 17% / C 13% / MPGB 10% / MAx 9%
• Grenache, Syrah, Carignan이 중요함
• Grenache Blanc : dry white & VDN
• Grenache Gris : dry white & VDN
• Grenache : Red & VDN
• Carignan : back bone of red blend
Viticulture
• Goblet or Bushvine training + upward cane : Grenache, Carignan
• Low training : protection from Tramontane
• 80% on slope -> Hand harvest
• Wide spacing : lack of water
Wine making
• White : Direct press or short maceration
• Rose : Saignee or direct press
• Red : Traditional destem / Carbonic maceration for Carignan
• Rancio : W, R, Rs / 5년이상 산화적 방법으로 숙성 -> leathery & gamey
• VDN : Mutage after pressing or on Marc / Oxidative style - foudres, barrel, vats, glass bonbonnes
Appellation
Languedoc AOC
All Roussillon is covered by Languedoc AOC
2% of Roussillon is bottle in Languedoc AOC
** Regional **
Cotes du Roussillon AOC
• Dry W, R, Rs
• Red 50% : GSM+C 중 2개 이상 블랜딩
• Rose 42% : Grenache, Grenache gris, Syrah 블랜드
• White 8% : Grenache blanc, Macabeu
Cotes du Roussillon Village AOC
• Red only
• 2017년 Tet 강 남쪽의 Les Aspres가 추가되어 강 양쪽에 존재하게 됨
• Grenache based
• 5 DGCs : Caramany, Latour de France, Les Aspres, Lesquerde, Tautavel
** Dry wine only **
Collioure AOC
• Douro나 Moselle을 연상시키는 가파른 경사
• White : 70% of Grenache blanc or gris
• Banyul(VDN)이랑 같은 지역
Maury (Sec) AOC
• Red only : Grenache based
• label에 Sec표기 필수
• 깔대기 효과로 바람이 강함 / 햇빛이 강렬함 -> 한그루에 2-3송이 열림
• cf) Maury AOC : white & red VDN
** Five VDN appellation **
4: Grenache / 1: Muscat
Muscat de Rivesaltes AOC
• Muscat a Petits Grains Blanc, Muscat d'Alexandrie
• 크리스마스에는 Muscat de Noel이라고 표기가능
• Banyul & Collioure도 포함
• Fitou까지 들어감
Rivesaltes AOC
• Muscat de Rivesaltes와 지역 공유 (Banyul & Collioure 미포함)
• VDN W, R, Rs : Grenache 품종
Maury AOC
• VDN W & R : 주로 VDN red
• Red : Grenache family
• White : Grenache blanc, gris, Macabeu, Tourbat
Banyuls AOC
• VDN W & R & Rs
• 대부분 Grenache based red, oxidative style
• steeply terraced slope of schist
Banyuls Grand Cru AOC
• Banyuls과 지역적으로 동일
• VDN red only
• Grenache Noir > 75%
• 3년차 1월까지 oak 숙성 요함 -> oxidative style
Red
• Reductive : Grenat, Rimage(Banyuls)
• Oxidative : Tuile, Hors d'Age(>5yr age), Traditionnel(Banyuls)
• Very Oxidative : Tuile Rancio, Traditionnel Rancio(Banyuls)
Rose
• Reductive : Rose w/ vintage
• no oxidative style
White
• Reductive : Blanc w/ vintage
• Oxidative : Ambre, Hors d'Age
• Very Oxidative : Ambre Rancio
Muscat de Rivesaltes AOC : only reductive
Rivesaltes, Banyuls : All style
Maury : Red & White, Reductive to Very oxidative
Banyuls GC : Only Red, No very oxidative
IGPs
Cotes Catalanes IGP
• 열정있는 생산자들이 포함됨
• non fortified rancio style -> 5년차 8월말까지 숙성
Cote Vermeille IGP : Banyul & Collioure와 지역적으로 동일
